New Delhi: thyroidalso known as thyroid, plays a major role in the metabolism, growth and development of the human body. The organs that wrap around the trachea are small, but they control some of the body’s most important functions. The butterfly-shaped organ helps meet the body’s energy needs by constantly releasing a steady amount of thyroid hormones into the bloodstream.
When thyroid Not producing enough thyroid hormone to meet the body’s needs, this condition is known as hypothyroidism, also called hypothyroidism. The National Family Health Survey V reports that the prevalence of endocrine disorders in the population is 2.9 percent of his population, but some studies show that 1 in 10 Indians has this prevalence. It has been suggested that he suffers from an endocrine disorder.
India has completed the transition from iodine-deficient to iodine-deficient, according to the Indian government. Iodine supplementation can cause a surge in autoimmune thyroid insufficiency, hypothyroidism By making the thyroid more susceptible to damage by the body’s own immune system. Hypothyroidism causes a variety of symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and depression.
on the occasion of world thyroid dayETHealthworld spoke to experts to find out more about the most common condition called hypothyroidism. The exact causes of hypothyroidism vary, but the most common cause worldwide, including in India, is an autoimmune disease called thyroid disease. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Other causes include iodine deficiency, certain drugs, and previous medications. thyroid surgeryradiation therapy, or congenital factors.
When asked about the prevalence of hypothyroidism, which changes from year to year, Dr. Mahesh DM, an endocrinology consultant at Astor CMI Hospital, said that hypothyroidism cases have increased steadily over the past few years. “It has increased from 7.5 percent to 10.95 percent. Adults and women aged 45 to 55 and older are more affected.” autoimmune disease than men,” he added.
Hypothyroidism is on the rise among younger generations due to poor lifestyles, stress and especially lack of quality sleep, according to Dr. Vivek Verde, General Physician at Apollo Clinic, AS Rao Nagar. . Dr. Verde emphasized that unhealthy dietary choices, fast food consumption, and sedentary lifestyles are major contributors to the increased incidence of metabolic syndrome.
A study on iodine deficiency and thyroid disease, published in the Croatian Medical Journal, found that one of the best-known risk factors for HT was high iodine intake with a median urinary iodine concentration <300 g/L. Yes, especially in areas where iodine is well supplied. Another study by Ventura, M., Melo, M., and Carrilho, F., published in the International Journal of Endocrinology, "Selenium and Thyroid Disease: From Pathophysiology to Treatment," found that low vitamin D levels and low selenium intake has been suggested to be low. It has been proposed to be a potential risk factor for the development of HT.
Dr. Mahesh explained the negative effects of hypothyroidism on patients suffering from the disease, saying that hypothyroidism “can lead to dry skin, constipation, a slowed metabolism, thinning hair and eyebrows, menstrual irregularities, and high blood pressure.” If left untreated, this condition can lead to hypothyroidism.” It leads to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, mental illness and brain fog. “
Experts suggest that hypothyroidism can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life and cause problems in both their personal and professional lives. To diagnose hypothyroidism, doctors usually measure thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in the blood. Elevated TSH levels and low free thyroxine (T4) levels indicate an underactive thyroid.
“With the advent of healthcare and medical devices, blood tests have become more accurate and disease is diagnosed through a test called thyroid function test (TFT) that measures T3 and T4 levels, TSH, free T4, and free T3. TPO and anti-TG antibodies are done to learn about autoimmunity,” Dr. Mahesh elaborated.
Experts say treatment for hypothyroidism usually includes lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy, and synthetic thyroid hormones such as levothyroxine are prescribed to normalize hormone levels. “We’ve come a long way from dry thyroid to hormone replacement therapy (T4 and T3 supplements) to treating hypothyroidism,” adds Dr. Mahesh.
Doctors stress that it is important for people with hypothyroidism to check their thyroid hormone levels frequently, take their medications as directed, and seek medical advice for optimal management. A balanced diet and regular exercise also contribute to a healthy lifestyle and are beneficial to your overall health.
“To address the recent surge in complaint rates in patients with hypothyroidism, a more individualized approach, considering TSH in conjunction with the patient’s symptoms, may be required,” added Dr. Verde. He concluded that this would certainly help the patient to be successfully treated and relieve symptoms. Improve their symptoms and provide a better quality of life.
